The Civil Rights Act and the battle to end workplace discrimination: a 50 year history

Employment discrimination prior to 1964

Enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

Proving employment discrimination

Early race discrimination cases

Early sex discrimination cases

Early national origin discrimination cases

Early religious discrimination cases

Early age discrimination cases

Congressional amendment of Title VII and the ADEA

Current trends in the law prohibiting race discrimination

Current trends in the law prohibiting sex discrimination

Current trends in the law prohibiting discrimination of pregnant women

Current trends in the law prohibiting discrimination of women with children

Sexual harassment and the sex discrimination prohibitions of Title VII

Employer liability for employee acts of sexual harassment

Current trends in the law prohibiting national origin discrimination

Current trends in the law prohibiting religious discrimination

The ministerial exception to Title VII prohibition of religious discrimination

Accommodating employee religious beliefs and practices

Current trends in the law prohibiting age discrimination

Later developments in proving discrimination in Title VII cases

Later developments in proving discrimination in ADEA cases

The gender gap and the Lilly Ledbetter case

Same sex sexual harassment

Retaliation

Arbitration

Political and judicial opposition to the employment discrimination laws

The roles of the EEOC and the private attorney

What lies ahead for the employment discrimination laws?