A turn to empire: the rise of imperial liberalism in Britain and France

Critics of empire. Adam Smith on societal development and colonial rule ; Edmund Burke's peculiar universalism

Utilitarians and the turn to empire in Britain. Jeremy Bentham : legislator of the world? ; James and John Stuart Mill : the development of imperial liberalism in Britain

Liberals and the turn to empire in France. The liberal volte-face in France ; Tocqueville and the Algeria question.